The feature article in the Environmental engineering and management section is by J I Ramsay of Powertech IST Industrial, in Pretoria. It discusses the Impala Platinum smelter facility off-gas processing after the expansion of the smelter complex near Rustenburg, which began in 2006. Of the total cost, roughly 50% went to expanding and upgrading the off-gas treatment section.

The two main off-gas streams were furnace off-gases with low SO2 concentration and high dust loading, and converter off-gases with relatively high SO2 concentration and lower dust loading. The scope involved expanding and upgrading the existing plant to handle the increased gas volumes and to add several new unit operations to reduce SO2 and acid mist emissions.